tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-79340017813608832152024-03-12T17:55:20.269-07:00Victorian Edinburgh NewsA weekly round up of the best stories from Edinburgh in the Victorian era, by Lynne Wilson.
This blog is an appendix to www.scotlandshistoryuncovered.comLynne Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06963891852997686154noreply@blogger.comBlogger8125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7934001781360883215.post-13172497887930569542012-04-15T02:25:00.003-07:002012-04-15T02:25:44.183-07:008th April - 14th April in Victorian Edinburgh<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>9th April 1884</b> </div>
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On this date, a charge of Bigamy was heard in the Sheriff Court. Thomas Downie, a middle aged man, pleaded guilty to the charge, in which he had married Jane Macdonald, a domestic servant, whilst still being married to his wife of eight years, Mary Brady. Downie was sentenced to eight months imprisonment. </div>
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<b style="text-align: justify;"><b>10th April 1869</b></b></div>
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The Edinburgh Evening Courant features an article on ‘Velocipeding’ – </div>
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<i>‘A training school for instruction in the art of driving the Parisian bicycle, or two wheeled velocipede, has been opened in Broughton Market, Dublin Street, by Mr Munro, coach manufacturer. Mr Munro constructs the velocipedes himself; and has been able to introduce several improvements on the Parisian model, giving the driver more control over his machines, and rendering the management of it considerable less difficult. By these improvements, the drag can be more easily and promptly applied; and a sharp corner can be turned with less danger. Mr Munro himself has acquired a high degree of perfection in the driving of the velocipede, and several of his pupils have already learned to control and direct it with scarcely less skill. We understand that in the course of next week, a match will test at once the capabilities of the machine for swift running and the skill of the drivers is to take place between Mr Munro and one of his more experienced pupils. The greatest speed to which it is supposed the velocipede is capable of attaining is 13 miles an hour; but it is expected that it can be driven, without any great effort on the part of the rider, at the rate of 10, or even 12 miles an hour. Three lessons are generally considered sufficient to enable a pupil to propel himself with some degree of comfort over a straight level; but it requires about three times as many more lessons before the more apt pupils can be said to have obtained a perfect mastery over the velocipede.’ </i></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYX6InBVhMHOZSxu5hhUAKmhyphenhyphenJKwEK_LvBF1bhZet0dueFa07KNGeJgSIc3qTY0LyGbQEXXXe5ZwiQ7XaTQP1t9bIyAo8rQSNVS_znZpdFtx7v730pHOWycWqdVOgj_bU9xKUzpqcDv9ob/s1600/Boneshaker.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYX6InBVhMHOZSxu5hhUAKmhyphenhyphenJKwEK_LvBF1bhZet0dueFa07KNGeJgSIc3qTY0LyGbQEXXXe5ZwiQ7XaTQP1t9bIyAo8rQSNVS_znZpdFtx7v730pHOWycWqdVOgj_bU9xKUzpqcDv9ob/s320/Boneshaker.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt;">A Velocipede</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Velocipedes were early bicycles, with the first pedal equipped bicycle being developed in the 1860s. The French design was referred to as the ‘boneshaker’, due to it being made of wood, with then later with metal tyres. As most roads of the day were cobbled, this was not a particularly comfortable mode of transport. Most large cities had indoor riding academies, such as the one described above.</div>
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<b><b>10th April 1884</b> </b></div>
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Peter Morgan, described as ‘a rough looking man’, was sentenced to nine months imprisonment, having assaulted a woman in a lodging house in the Grassmarket by knocking her down and fracturing two of her ribs by kicking her.</div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4ggJ8ts3eH707TwzdYA8grMqXKedBiDkDzeZ9PifnihpOIDkoodImTuufrPftsQ5cO1Cs_jGV-fdo_r_8pHhPzUmhPXgNd_fOv43oXZH3ParyRNHaffohVS6FBzc_ky-gLXVL3XZkfBiN/s1600/Grassmarket+Engraving.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="229" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4ggJ8ts3eH707TwzdYA8grMqXKedBiDkDzeZ9PifnihpOIDkoodImTuufrPftsQ5cO1Cs_jGV-fdo_r_8pHhPzUmhPXgNd_fOv43oXZH3ParyRNHaffohVS6FBzc_ky-gLXVL3XZkfBiN/s320/Grassmarket+Engraving.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 18px;">Grassmarket, Edinburgh © Peter Stubbs, Edinphoto<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /><b><b>14th April 1869 </b></b></div>
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The Edinburgh Evening Courant reports on an ‘Alleged Fatal Assault by a Wife Upon Her Husband’ – ‘A painful case of an alleged assault, which is reported to have terminated fatally, was brought before Baillie Cousin, in the City Police Court, yesterday morning. The person against whom the charge is preferred is a woman named Mrs Graham, residing in No. 6 Pleasance. So far as we have been able to gather the particulars of the case, we learn that is understood that Mrs Graham and her husband – who will be best known to the public of Edinburgh as the persons who for a considerable period have sold fruit from a stand or small wagon, sometimes in from of the Tron Church, and at other times on the opposite side of the crossing of the South Bridge, High Street – had on Wednesday night last week quarrelled in their house at the Pleasance; and that Mrs Graham had stabbed her husband in the eye with a table fork. Graham died towards the end of the week, and his funeral was arranged to take place on Monday. Acting, however, on information which had been communicated to the police, the Procurator Fiscal caused the interment of the corpse to be postponed till Tuesday; and in the meanwhile directed a post mortem examination of the body to be made, and instructed an investigation into the circumstances connected with the man’s death. The funeral took place on Tuesday, but Mrs Graham was apprehended by the police, and conveyed to the Main Police Office in a cab. The authorities directed that she should be detained in custody, and yesterday morning she was brought before Baillie Cousin in the City Police Court. The case was remitted to the Sheriff.’</div>Lynne Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06963891852997686154noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7934001781360883215.post-55872862914352322792012-04-07T22:36:00.001-07:002012-04-07T22:36:37.035-07:001st April - 7th April in Victorian Edinburgh<br />
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<b>3rd April 1887</b></div>
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<b>Noisy Dancers at
Oddfellows’ Hall - </b>Magistrates considered a complaint by residents
involving a nuisance caused by dancing in the Odfellows’ Hall. A petition signed by 24 residents in <st1:street w:st="on">Forrest Road</st1:street>,
detailed that the dancing took place between the hours of 11 o’clock at night
and 6 o’clock in the morning, causing unacceptable noise levels and creating the
additional nuisance of the shouting and swearing of the cabmen coming to
collect people. The Magistrates however,
decided that there was no nuisance and the complainers merely had ‘a prejudice
against dancing’.<br />
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<b>3rd April 1844 </b></div>
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<b>A Brutal Murderer Executed - </b>In the presence of an immense crowd of spectators, James Bryce was executed for brutally murdering his brother in law, John Geddes, after he refused to lend him money. The remorseful Bryce, had gone to the gallows at the top of Libberton’s Wynd, having finally confessed to the crime the day before his execution. It was reported that the mass of spectators stretched a considerable distance up the Lawnmarket and along <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">George</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">IV</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Bridge</st1:placetype></st1:place>, with the windows in the vicinity, the roofs of houses, and every other available spot, thronged with onlookers.</div>
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<b>5th April <span lang="EN">1875</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN">An Extension for <st1:placename w:st="on">Leith</st1:placename>
<st1:placetype w:st="on">Hospital</st1:placetype> - </span></b><st1:placename w:st="on"><span lang="EN">Leith</span></st1:placename><span lang="EN"> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Hospital</st1:placetype>,
formed from the combining of the Dispensary of the Humane Society Institution
and the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Casualty</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Hospital</st1:placetype></st1:place>, saw the addition of a large
extension, featuring additional wards, nurses quarters and
operating facilities. This important
hospital, situated in <st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Mill Lane</st1:address></st1:street>,
additionally made its mark by later granting the application from female
medical students previously refused elsewhere, to attend for clinical
instruction.</span></div>
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<b>7th April 1861</b></div>
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<b>The Introduction of the One O’Clock Gun - </b><span lang="EN">Work began on the famous Edinburgh One
O’clock Gun. The idea was to introduce
the firing of a cannon at one o’clock every day in order to give an audible
time signal by which ships could set their chronometers. The one o’clock gun accompanied the daily
dropping of the time ball which had been in operation for many years at the top
of the Nelson Monument on Calton Hill, but which had its limitations, due to the
potential for sailors missing the exact time the ball dropped. </span></div>
<br /></div>Lynne Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06963891852997686154noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7934001781360883215.post-63420602347767172512012-03-31T23:54:00.001-07:002012-03-31T23:54:34.289-07:0025th March - 31st March in Victorian Edinburgh<br />
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<b>27th March 1881</b> </div>
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<b>New Premises for the Medical School</b> - The Edinburgh University
Medical School, at the forefront of many medical advances in this era, underwent
continued expansion during the 19<sup>th</sup> century. On this date it was reported that new
premises at Nicholson Square had been purchased to accommodate the expanding
School of Medicine and Pharmacy, previously situated in Marshall Street. The new building provided space for classes
in clinical surgery, public medicine and the emerging specialism of midwifery, a
branch of medicine which had attracted a high patient mortality rate in this
time.</div>
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<b>29th March 1881</b></div>
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<b>Five Years for Stealing a Duck</b> – A young boy who stole a duck from
a potato merchant, ended up with more than he bargained for on this date. Having been found guilty at
Edinburgh Sheriff Court, the ten year old was
sentenced not only to ten days in Calton prison, but also to a further five
years in the Reformatory, which was the institution used for the correction of youth
offenders.</div>
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<b>30th March 1856</b></div>
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<b>The End of the Crimean War
- </b>The Treaty of Peace was signed in <st1:city w:st="on">Paris</st1:city>,
signifying the end of the Crimean War.
It was reported that ‘much excitement prevailed in town on the news of
the signature’, with crowds assembling in the High Street and Princes Street
for a salute of 101 guns fired from the Castle.
Throughout the day, bells were ringing and a holiday atmosphere was
experienced throughout the city.</div>
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<b>31st March 1868</b></div>
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<b>The <st1:placename w:st="on">Industrial</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Museum</st1:placetype> of Edinburgh</b> - The Government was urged to
proceed with the completion of the <st1:placename w:st="on">Industrial</st1:placename>
<st1:placetype w:st="on">Museum</st1:placetype> in <st1:city w:st="on">Edinburgh</st1:city>.
Construction had commenced several years previously, with the various parts
of the building opening to the public as soon as they were ready. The museum had proved incredibly popular at
the time, and has remained so, now known as the National Museum of Scotland,
situated in <st1:street w:st="on">Chambers Street</st1:street>.</div>
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<br />Lynne Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06963891852997686154noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7934001781360883215.post-24442585093342086402012-03-25T03:39:00.000-07:002012-03-25T03:39:01.347-07:0018th March - 24th March in Victorian Edinburgh<br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>19</b><b>th March </b></span><b><span style="font-family: inherit;">1869</span><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">On the subject of education, a letter to the editor appears in The Scotsman Newspaper - <i>‘Could not the
immense amount of mone</i></span><i><span style="font-family: inherit;">y now expended in hospitals in Edinburgh be devoted to building </span></i><i><span style="font-family: inherit;">schools
in the different districts in this city, which every poor child should be </span></i><i style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">compelled to
attend?</span></i></div>
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Education of children was a issue which often found itself in the news during this time. In poor families children were often needed to go out to work, however the Education (Scotland) Act of 1872, finally made education compulsory for all.</div>
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<b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">23<sup>rd</sup> March 1875</span></span></b></div>
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<span style="line-height: 150%;">A serious charge
was made against a man named Thomas Anderson on this date, that in a ‘fit of
passion’ he had seized the ten year old son of his landlord and put him on the
fire.</span><span style="line-height: 150%;"> </span><st1:place style="line-height: 150%;" w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Anderson</st1:city></st1:place><span style="line-height: 150%;"> denied the charge, stating that he
had pushed the boy, who then fell against the fire.</span><span style="line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 150%;">The boy however stated that </span><st1:place style="line-height: 150%;" w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Anderson</st1:city></st1:place><span style="line-height: 150%;"> had forced him upon the fire, but
that he had managed to get off before being burned.</span><span style="line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 150%;">The magistrate, stating that </span><st1:place style="line-height: 150%;" w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Anderson</st1:city></st1:place><span style="line-height: 150%;"> was fortunate
that the boy had not been hurt, fined him one guinea.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>March 23</b><b>rd
</b></span><b><span style="font-family: inherit;">1869</span><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="text-align: justify;">The
Scotsman Newspaper reports - </span><i style="text-align: justify;">‘Miss Garrett, who seven years ago strenuously </i><i style="text-align: justify;">endeavoured
to induce the Universities of St Andrews and Edinburgh to admit her to </i><i style="text-align: justify;">study
for a degree of Doctor of Medicine, but in vain – who subsequently passed the </i><i style="text-align: justify;">examinations,
and became a licentiate of the Apothecaries’ Company of London – and </i><i style="text-align: justify;">who
has now for several years been in successful practice of her profession in the </i><i style="text-align: justify;">Metropolis,
has, we learn, just been admitted by the Faculty of Medicine of Paris to </i><i style="text-align: justify;">examination
for a degree of M.D….It is curious to have to notice Miss Garrett’s </i><i style="text-align: justify;">continued
success in other quarters at the very time at which we have also to record </i><i style="text-align: justify;">that
another lady applicant is now knocking at the gates of our Scottish </i><i style="text-align: justify;">Colleges……It
may well be that public opinion has now so far advanced in this matter </i><i style="text-align: justify;">that
Miss Jex-Blake’s application to the Medical Faculty of the University will not
be </i><i style="text-align: justify;">refused
at all.’</i></div>
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University
education for British women had been fairly unheard of prior to 1869, but on
the application of Sophia Jex-Blake to attend lectures at the Edinburgh medical school
and subsequently being granted permission, the medical school received its first
female student. Sophia Jex-Blake later set up a practice at Manor Place in the New
Town in 1878, becoming the city’s first female doctor, also establishing a
clinic</div>
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for poor patients. This clinic later became known as
Bruntsfield Hospital.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3fRZVQcz1LTvGgUd3j0_Fy0bGNaSaCHlYMel1tR1AUMMchlkWvmoLRMcUsKflQcbebYFQQgw_UPKc4pLgFWPHSsQvvY8oLs5p-pFpiFlJSiLroQhFsXt8YserNyEOFcKoE8zn0XxDTJeG/s1600/image078.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="290" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3fRZVQcz1LTvGgUd3j0_Fy0bGNaSaCHlYMel1tR1AUMMchlkWvmoLRMcUsKflQcbebYFQQgw_UPKc4pLgFWPHSsQvvY8oLs5p-pFpiFlJSiLroQhFsXt8YserNyEOFcKoE8zn0XxDTJeG/s400/image078.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Edinburgh University Quadrangle (c) Peter Stubbs, Edinphoto<br /><br /></td></tr>
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<br /><!--[endif]--></div>Lynne Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06963891852997686154noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7934001781360883215.post-87944651961684544622012-03-18T07:39:00.000-07:002012-03-18T07:39:04.016-07:0011th March - 17th March in Victorian Edinburgh<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>13th March 1869 </b></div>
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The Edinburgh Evening Courant reports – ‘The subject of the number of young children in large towns who grow up without education, or coming under the educational provisions of the Factory Acts, was brought up by Mr Melly in the House of Commons yesterday. He suggested compulsory attendance on school as the remedy, and proposed a select committee to enquire into the present state of matters. Mr Forster, however, spoke in a dubious way regarding compulsory measures as anti-English, and finally the motion was withdrawn.’ </div>
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The Factory Act was introduced in an attempt to improve conditions for children working in factories, and set a minimum age for child workers and maximum hours they could work depending on their age. It also stipulated that children were to receive two hours of schooling each day. This however was still far from ideal and it was not until 1870 that the Education Act came into place, which allowed many more children to attend school during the day. Though this was an improvement, it was not necessarily mandated that children attend school, therefore many children still spent the majority of their days working in the factories through financial necessity to provide food for their families.
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>13</b><b>th
</b><b>March 1839<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Thomas
McEwen, a Market Trader in the Cowgate was convicted in the Police Court for
selling ‘unwholesome hams’. McEwen had been attempting to sell a quantity of bacon
hams, which were said to be ‘neither fit for the use of man nor beast’. He was fined
two guineas and the hams were ordered to be buried.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>14</b><b>th
</b><b>March 1849<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Mary
Bone, Henry Grant and Elizabeth Henderson appeared in court, charged with
having stolen a watch from a young man, whilst in a house in Leith Wynd. They pleaded
not guilty, but after much evidence had been given the jury found the charge proven
and all three were sentenced to ten years transportation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>15<sup>th</sup>
March 1869<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi45Yh-_1JEg0lZ7Xr_G1C2kDuUMKuG4npj5rsKmcc5H7biU2AMAIH2MuzbCWZpNGCSMSlRzulRJCL-d51g8tVmJuyjI87bs0iYsVyKS7UOP9bXF3nGpcNI1Erl4HCdTZbngqRPJDyDshqy/s1600/image064.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="51" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi45Yh-_1JEg0lZ7Xr_G1C2kDuUMKuG4npj5rsKmcc5H7biU2AMAIH2MuzbCWZpNGCSMSlRzulRJCL-d51g8tVmJuyjI87bs0iYsVyKS7UOP9bXF3nGpcNI1Erl4HCdTZbngqRPJDyDshqy/s400/image064.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">An advertisment for teeth appeared in the Scotsman newspaper (c) The Scotsman</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<b style="font-family: inherit;">16</b><b style="font-family: inherit;">th
</b><b style="font-family: inherit;">March 1839</b></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Peter
Lays, a farm steward, residing in Morrison Street, appeared in the High Court
of Justiciary accused of assaulting a young man named Rintoul by pushing him
off one of the carriages of the train between Musselburgh and Edinburgh.
Rintoul fell under the wheels of another carriage and received a fracture to
one of his thighs and various other injuries. Lays was found guilty by the
jury, however it was accepted that he had no premeditated malice against
Rintoul, and the judge found the railway company more to blame, as overloading
their carriages with people was a common practice. Lays was therefore sentenced
to three months imprisonment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>16</b><b>th
</b><b>March 1848<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">The
theft of a pair of boots from a house in Cumberland Street, gave Ronald
Marshall the sentence of seven years transportation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>Lynne Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06963891852997686154noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7934001781360883215.post-2870609183785371862012-03-11T10:16:00.000-07:002012-03-11T10:16:09.470-07:001st March - 10th March in Victorian Edinburgh<br />
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<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">3</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">rd </span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">March 1873<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Cab
Driver, John McDonald was accused of the crime of writing and sending a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">threatening
letter to a person in Edinburgh for the purpose of extorting money.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">McDonald
pleaded not guilty but after evidence had been given the jury unanimously<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">found
him guilty and he was sentenced to six months imprisonment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">8<sup>th</sup> March 1869<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Tonic
wines, such as quinine wine and pepsine wine were very popular in<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">this
era and pharmacists were permitted to prepare and sell them. Pepsine<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">wine
was thought to be particularly useful due to pepsin being a naturally<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">occurring
enzyme which helps digestion. There were many products such as<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">this
which were thought to be good for health, including cocoa wine, which<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">contained
half a gram of cocaine per fluid ounce. These ‘wines’ however<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">very
much tasted like a medicine rather than a pleasant drink.</span><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPEw2Zm4M7MmzDVM98pjU-wt7Yk9cH3Lp8TqvYa3Ms7RE3RrVzSCZuDogA4Qr_XTHtxQNjyrvU8XRIqffa9O6zSagn7DyVA3J-Xtpzjvx2If_fAbZWKG7GLJxH_H15hw0R2Jc7cGFQultm/s1600/image070.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: justify;"><img border="0" height="93" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPEw2Zm4M7MmzDVM98pjU-wt7Yk9cH3Lp8TqvYa3Ms7RE3RrVzSCZuDogA4Qr_XTHtxQNjyrvU8XRIqffa9O6zSagn7DyVA3J-Xtpzjvx2If_fAbZWKG7GLJxH_H15hw0R2Jc7cGFQultm/s400/image070.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><br /></span></div>Lynne Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06963891852997686154noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7934001781360883215.post-48963029941078951202012-03-11T08:45:00.000-07:002012-03-11T08:45:12.811-07:00February in Victorian Edinburgh<br />
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<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">4th February</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">1869<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">The
Scotsman Newspaper features a letter to the editor entitled ‘Move On!’ –<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">‘Sir,
I have found a good deal of amusement and some instruction in<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">perusing
the discussion in your columns as to the relative drunkenness of<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">Scotland
and other countries, and have been greatly impressed by the stanch<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">patriotism
of several of the writers. Having taken up my residence here<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">(after
long residence abroad) within the last few months, I have seen a good<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">many
things in this beautiful city – I will not venture on the whisky theme –<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">that
I think would not be tolerated in any other place I have visited. There is<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">a
busy thoroughfare here connecting the North and South Bridges,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">intersected
by the High Street of the city. At the intersection there is every<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">day
and all day long at each of the four corners of the pavement a mob of<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">dirty
and disreputable blackguards of the very lowest and worst sort, who<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">literally
block up the way. No respectable person, male or female, can pass<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">along
this great avenue of commerce without stepping into the road, and<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">passing
round the mob of unwashed; for not a man of them will stir an inch<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">to
accommodate passengers; and the police constable stands looking on hour<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">after
hour without daring to utter a “Move on!”. If any patriotic Edinburgh<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">man
will look on for ten minutes at the spectacle of this dirty mob, and their<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">bearing
towards the respectable passers by, he will probably come to think<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">that
perfection has not yet been attained here. That the tradesmen of the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">Bridge
should quietly tolerate such a state of things shows that the abuse<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">must be of very ancient standing
indeed’.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">11th February</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">1869<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">The
Edinburgh Evening Courant features a ‘Warning to Butchers’ – </span><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">‘At
the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">City
Police Court yesterday – before Baillie Russell – a lad named James<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">Baxter,
a butcher’s apprentice, residing at Raeburn Place, was accused of<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">having
on the 5</span></i><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">th </span></i><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">of
this month contravened the 99</span></i><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">th
</span></i><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">section of the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">Provisional
Order, by conveying along the streets in an open van the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">carcasses
of animals slaughtered for sale without having them covered with<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">clean
cloths. Baxter pleaded guilty, and was sentenced to pay a fine of 5s, or<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">be imprisoned three days.’<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">16</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">th
</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">February 1874<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">In
the Sheriff Summary Court on this date, Andrew Howieson, a Joiner, was charged<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">with
a contravention of the Vaccination (Scotland) Act, in which it was alleged that<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Howieson
had refused to allow his infant daughter to be vaccinated. Pleading guilty,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Howieson
stated that he considered one of his other children to have been poisoned as<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">a
consequence of the vaccination. He was fined 35s or the option of ten days<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">incarceration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">18</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">th
</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">February 1889<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">The Edinburgh Baby Murderer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">A
young woman named Jessie King was placed at the bar at the High Court of<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Justiciary
on this date, charged with the murder of three children. The details of the<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">charges
were that: in April or May 1888, in a house in Ann’s Court, Canonmills,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Edinburgh,
at that time occupied by Thomas Pearson, Jessie King murdered Alex<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Gunn,
aged twelve months by strangling him; in September 1888, in a house in<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Cheyne
Street, Stockbridge, Edinburgh, occupied by Thomas Pearson, Jessie King<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">murdered
Violet Duncan Tomlinson, aged six weeks old by strangling or suffocating<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">her;
also in October or November 1887, in a house in Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">occupied
by Thomas Pearson, Jessie King murdered Walter Anderson Campbell, aged<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">five
months, by strangling him. There was a large attendance of the public in the<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">court
that day, and King, who was 27 years old and originally from Glasgow,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">admitted
the first two charges, but pleaded not guilty to the third charge. King’s<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">original
statement was read out to the court, in which she stated that she had adopted<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">the
child Gunn, and that her partner Thomas Pearson who at first was unwilling to<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">take
the child in, changed his mind when she told him that she had received £3 from<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">the
mother, at which time he agreed that the baby could stay for three or four
weeks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">King
said that they kept him from April until the end of May 1888, however when she<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">then
found she was unable to support the child, she attempted to get him admitted to
a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">destitute
home, however this was refused on the grounds that the child was<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">illegitimate.
King stated that after this she had become very much the worse of drink<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">and
strangled the child, as she had no means to support it. When the child was
dead,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">she
placed the body in a locked box, and kept it there until the next day, when she<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">took
it out and put it in a cupboard, where it remained for three days, after which
the<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">couple
moved from Canonmills to Stockbridge. At this point, the body was placed in<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">a
cellar in the Stockbridge house, later being removed from there at the
beginning of<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">October
and placed on a piece of vacant ground at Cheyne Street. King stated that<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Pearson
had known nothing of this death, as she had told him she had managed to get<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">the
child admitted to a home. On the matter of the child Tomlinson, King said that<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">this
child had also been adopted by her, and this time she was paid the sum of £2
for<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">the
baby. King maintained that Pearson had known nothing about this at the time,
and<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">on
getting the child home, she gave her some whisky to keep it quiet. However, it<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">would
seem that the whisky was stronger that she thought and the child started to<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">choke.
King responded by placing her hand on the child’s mouth, killing her. This<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">body
was also placed in the cellar, where it remained until it was discovered by the<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">police.
On the third charge, the murder of Walter Campbell, many witnesses were<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">called,
with one witness, Janet Anderson, explaining that in May 1887, her sister<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Elizabeth
Campbell, had died and King had offered to adopt the child if the father<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">would
pay a fee. The father, David Finlay, gave evidence that he had handed the<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">child
to King and Pearson and paid them £5. He stated that they told him their<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">surname
was Stewart. A neighbour from Dalkeith Road, where they were living at<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">this
time, gave evidence that they arrived home suddenly with a child at that time,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">however
three months later the child disappeared, and when she asked King what had<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">happened,
King told her she had taken him home as he was ill. Shortly afterwards,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">King
and Pearson left the locality. It seems that the house in Dalkeith Road was<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">thoroughly
searched and no remains of a child were found. The third charge was<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">eventually
disregarded and the jury found King guilty of the first two charges. The<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">judge,
putting on his black cap, sentenced Jessie King to be hanged within the Calton<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Jail
on the 11</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">th </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">March. Whilst being
sentenced, King gradually subsided into a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">hysterical
fit and had to be carried downstairs to the cells.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">As
Jessie King was thought to be a ‘woman of very low intelligence’, there was
some<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">public
opinion that she had been tempted by others due to living in poverty and that<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">she
was bearing the blame for the wickedness of the others who gave their children<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">into
her keeping. King had also later stated that she had been induced to confess in<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">her
statement, being advised that if she did so, she would get off with a fairly
brief<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">prison
sentence. A petition was signed by 2000 persons asking for a reprieve for<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">King,
however this proved unsuccessful.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">The
scaffold for the execution was erected close to a corridor between the male and<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">female
sections of the prison. Berry, the executioner had arrived in Edinburgh a few<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">days
previous to complete his preparations. King, a Roman Catholic, had been<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">attended
by a priest the night before the execution was to take place. On the morning<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">of
Friday 11</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">th </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">March 1889, at eight
o’clock, Jessie King was hanged, death was said<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">to
be instantaneous. A crowd of around 2000 people had gathered outside on the<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Calton
Hill to see the black flag raised.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">22nd February</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">1869<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">The
Edinburgh Evening Courant reports on an </span><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">‘Alarming
Fire in Lothian<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">Road
– Union Road Partially Destroyed’ – ‘Shortly after three o’clock<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">yesterday
afternoon, an alarm was raised that fire had broken out in the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">Union
Hotel, Lothian Road, belonging to Mr Robert Kay. The alarm was<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">instantly
given, and the outbreak of the fire reported to the Police Main<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">Office
in the High Street; but meanwhile the increasing volume of smoke, and<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">the
progress the flames were obviously making, spread terror among the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">inmates
of the whole building….In a very short space of time the fire engines<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">and
fire brigade had arrived, and were ready for action…..The fire and <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM8NO2VmFhPbCKrU97zuFXbvnr9AOLndT2GXSIEYGzO7vTRp2vj3wdLrb09f8-uMYgb5Ewr72o10POhVQEVyFVxzBmUfOETutm_ZE0o9gtJW2hYgiCSSK3ggat2y8MXyJ0YvPjefLpEkT3/s1600/Fire+bucket.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM8NO2VmFhPbCKrU97zuFXbvnr9AOLndT2GXSIEYGzO7vTRp2vj3wdLrb09f8-uMYgb5Ewr72o10POhVQEVyFVxzBmUfOETutm_ZE0o9gtJW2hYgiCSSK3ggat2y8MXyJ0YvPjefLpEkT3/s1600/Fire+bucket.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A Victorian Fire Bucket</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">water
together have worked much damage over the whole building….One </span></i><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">little
boy made his appearance at the foot of the staircase drenched with </span></i><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">water,
and his face blackened with the smoke, but carrying triumphantly a </span></i><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">cat
with its kittens which he had saved. A temporary covering for furniture </span></i><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">brought
to the street was found in Mr Quaglieni’s Curcus, the use of which</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">was
readily given by the proprieter.’ </span></i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Lothian
and Borders Fire and Rescue Service, formed in 1824 following a </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">series
of disastrous fires, is Britain’s oldest municipal fire brigade. </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Edinburgh
had particular difficulties for fire fighters due to the ‘built up’ and </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">congested
nature of the old town. Most fire engines had been manoeuvred </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">by
men until the mid-19th century, but with the introduction of horse-drawn </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">fire
engines, response time to incidents was much improved. In the absence </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">of
breathing apparatus, early firefighters had to grow beards to act as a form </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">of
smoke filter, which gave them the name ‘smoke-eaters’.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">23</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">rd
</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">February 1860</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">In
the Police Court on this date, the case of the ‘Snowball Riot’ of Edinburgh
came to<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">it’s
conclusion after a nine day trial. This case seemed to involve fourteen
students,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">who
on the date of the incident, had come into conflict with the police in the form
of a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">snowball
fight. The disturbance seems to have descended into a riot, due to what<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">many
witnesses describe as ‘rough usage’ by the police, who were reported to have<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">been
using their batons vigorously. For the throwing of snowballs, one student was<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">fined
£5, twelve other students were each fined £1 and the fourteenth student was<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">admonished.<o:p></o:p></span></div>Lynne Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06963891852997686154noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7934001781360883215.post-50556130306438823432012-03-11T08:16:00.000-07:002012-03-11T08:16:35.683-07:00January in Victorian Edinburgh<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">5<sup>th</sup>
January 1869<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">The
Scotsman Newspaper has an article on ‘The use of Laughing Gas as an<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Anaesthetic’
– </span><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">‘In the early part of last year the attention of the
medical and<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">dental
professions was recalled to the value of protoxide of nitrogen, more<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">commonly
called laughing-gas, as an anaesthetic agent…..whilst some at<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">once
condemned the use of the agent as dangerous in any case, others<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">declared
that it was calculated to supersede chloroform…….One very<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">curious
illustration of the mode of action of the gas…..In some cases patients<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">awake
with the same idea in the mind that was present when they became<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">unconscious……one
patient who before inhaling apologised for his<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">nervousness,
continued his apologies as he recovered consciousness.’<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Many
experiments were carried out around this time to find suitable<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">anesthetics,
as without it, operations had to be carried out very quickly to<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">avoid
the patient dying from shock. Anesthetics such as nitrous oxide, ether</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">and
chloroform were tried, in order to enable surgeons to take more time and<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">care
with operations and also carry out more complex procedures.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Edinburgh
Obstetrician, James Young Simpson’s experimentation with<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">chloroform
helped to advance the use of anesthetics, and chloroform in<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">particular,
became popular, having been used by Queen Victoria during<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">childbirth
in 1853. Nitrous oxide, although useful, was not considered strong<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">enough
for use in large operations, and became more commonly used in<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">dental
procedures.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">6</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">th </span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">January 1870<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Stealing
eight hams resulted in Andrew Dow, residing in the Lawnmarket, appearing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">in
the <st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Sheriff Court</st1:address></st1:street>
on this date. Dow had broken into the cellar of a grocer in<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Fountainbridge,
where he had procured the hams. He was sentenced to six months<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">imprisonment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">8<sup>th</sup> January 1869<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">In
The Edinburgh Evening Courant, an article on ‘Poisonous Lotions for the<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Hair’
– ‘</span><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">Nothing is more extraordinary than the irrational
credulity of even<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">educated,
intelligent persons, in accepting a tradesman’s puff as a genuine<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">warranty.
When, for instance, will people be warned against the use of<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">poisonous
hair dyes? It can be no secret that white lead is the chief<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">ingredient
in the black dyes now so largely sold….Paralysis, in a more or<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">less
severe form, is the inevitable consequence of applying these lotions to<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">the
hair.’<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">17</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">th
</span></b><b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">January 1893<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">A
peculiar case of Culpable Homicide was heard in the <st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Sheriff Court</st1:address></st1:street> on this date.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Mary
Dunnigan, who had been attempting to throw a metal watch stand at her<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">husband,
with whom she often quarrelled, missed her husband, and instead struck her<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">daughter,
Alice Dunnigan, with it. Mary Dunnigan took her daughter to the<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">dispensary
for medical assistance and was advised to take her to the Infirmary.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">However,
she did not and the child only arrived at the Infirmary when she was taken<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">there
by the police. The Sheriff in this case passed a sentence of eight months<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">imprisonment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">Attack with a Hatchet<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">In
January 1893, a case went to trial involving a man named Patrick Griffin, who
was<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">charged
with having killed Edward Wynn with a hatchet and a poker, in the house of<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">labourer,
Martin Moffat in the Lawnmarket. Moffat gave evidence that <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Griffin</st1:place></st1:city> came<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">to
the house on the day of the incident and had been told to leave as his company
was<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">not
wanted. However, <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Griffin</st1:place></st1:city>
came back in shortly afterwards, seized a hatchet<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">which
was lying by the side of the fire, struck Moffat with it, and when Wynn tried
to<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">take
it from him, <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Griffin</st1:place></st1:city>
struck him on the head. As Wynn was being escorted<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">downstairs,
<st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Griffin</st1:place></st1:city> struck
him with a poker. The post mortem examination had been<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">carried
out by Dr Littlejohn and Dr Joseph Bell, who found a wound on the scalp<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">about
one inch in length on the left side of the head. The bones of the nose were<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">fractured
and there was a wound on the back of his right hand. Their opinion, as a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">result
of the examination, was that Wynn died from acute inflammation of the<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">membranes
of the brain, caused by external violence. Dr Littlejohn, giving evidence,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">stated
that judging from the peculiar indentation of the bone of the skull, some<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">weapon
must have been used, and that the hatchet shown was a likely instrument to<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">have
produced the indentation. Dr Littlejohn also said that in his opinion, if the<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">wound
had been attended to immediately after the injury was inflicted; it was highly<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">probable
that he would have recovered. This was corroborated by Dr Bell. Other<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">witnesses
interviewed said that <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Griffin</st1:place></st1:city>
had been chased downstairs by three men, who<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">were
somewhat the worse for drink and that <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Griffin</st1:place></st1:city>
had taken refuge in a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">neighbouring
house, but was set upon by three men in the close upon leaving this<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">house.
The jury however, found <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Griffin</st1:place></st1:city>
guilty of Culpable Homicide and he was<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">sentenced to six months imprisonment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br />Lynne Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06963891852997686154noreply@blogger.com0